애플리케이션 구현

목차#

회원 도메인 개발

회원 리포지토리 개발

회원 서비스 개발

기능 테스트

상품 도메인 개발

상품 엔티티개발(비즈니스 로직추가)

상품 리포지토리 개발

상품 서비스 개발

주문 도메인 개발

주문, 주문상품 엔티티 개발

주문 리포지토리 개발

주문 서비스 개발

웹 계층 개발

홈 화면과 레이아웃

회원 등록

회원 목록 조회

상품 등록

상품 목록

상품 수정

변경 감지와 병함(merge)

상품 주문

주문 목록 검색, 취소

API 개발 기본

회원 등록 API

회원 수정 API

회원 조회 API

API 개발 고급

조회용 샘플 데이터 입력

지연 로딩과 조회 성능 최적화

페이징과 한계 돌파

OSIV와 성능 최적화

다음으로

스프링 데이터 JPA 소개

QueryDSL 소개

마무리

회원 기능 테스트#

테스트 요구사항#

회원가입을 성공해야한다.

회원가입 할 때 같은 이름이 있으면 예외가 발생해야 한다.

테스트 코드 작성#

MemberService에서 Intelij IDEA의 단축키 Ctrl + Shift + T (이클립스 스타일 시 go to Test 단축키 변경)

contact

생성된것을 확인

이전에 생성한 tdd + Tab (라이브 템플릿) 사용

tdd + Tab (라이브 템플릿)

@Test
    public void 회원가입() throws Exception{
        //given 
        
        //when 

        //then 
    }

given : 이렇게 주어졌을때

when : 이렇게 하면

then : 이렇게 된다.

아래 링크 참조

[스프링부트 JPA 활용] JPA 동작확인

회원가입 테스트#

java/jpabook/jpashop/service/MemberServiceTest.java

package jpabook.jpashop.service;

import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;

import jpabook.jpashop.domain.Member;
import jpabook.jpashop.repository.MemberRepository;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.equalTo;
import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.is;
import static org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.assertThat;

//@RunWith(SpringRunner.class) //Unit4 전용
@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class) //Unit5 이후 사용
@SpringBootTest
@Transactional
class MemberServiceTest {
    
    @Autowired MemberService memberService; // 테스트 케이스에서는 다른곳에서 참조할 곳이 없으므로 @Autowired로 사용
    @Autowired MemberRepository memberRepository; // 테스트 케이스에서는 다른곳에서 참조할 곳이 없으므로 @Autowired로 사용

    @Test
    public void 회원가입() throws Exception{
        //given //given : 이렇게 주어졌을때
        Member member = new Member();
        member.setName("userA");
        
        //when //when : 이렇게 하면
        Long savedId = memberService.join(member);

        //then //then : 이렇게 된다.
        // JPA안에서 하나의 트랜잭션에서 같은 엔티티에서 PK 키가 같으면 같은 영속성 컨텍스트 1차 캐시로 같은 객체로 관리
        assertEquals(member, memberRepository.findOne(savedId));
    }
    
}

console

...
...

2022-05-27 23:28:38.297  INFO 1724 --- [    Test worker] j.jpashop.service.MemberServiceTest      : Started MemberServiceTest in 5.799 seconds (JVM running for 8.277)
2022-05-27 23:28:38.455  INFO 1724 --- [    Test worker] o.s.t.c.transaction.TransactionContext   : Began transaction (1) for test context [DefaultTestContext@1deb2c43 testClass = MemberServiceTest, testInstance = jpabook.jpashop.service.MemberServiceTest@8aafd70, testMethod = 회원가입@MemberServiceTest, testException = [null], mergedContextConfiguration = [WebMergedContextConfiguration@3bb9efbc testClass = MemberServiceTest, locations = '{}', classes = '{class jpabook.jpashop.JpashopApplication}', contextInitializerClasses = '[]', activeProfiles = '{}', propertySourceLocations = '{}', propertySourceProperties = '{org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper=true}', contextCustomizers = set[org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.actuate.metrics.MetricsExportContextCustomizerFactory$DisableMetricExportContextCustomizer@7756c3cd, org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.properties.PropertyMappingContextCustomizer@0, org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebDriverContextCustomizerFactory$Customizer@328cf0e1, org.springframework.boot.test.context.filter.ExcludeFilterContextCustomizer@183e8023, org.springframework.boot.test.json.DuplicateJsonObjectContextCustomizerFactory$DuplicateJsonObjectContextCustomizer@67ab1c47, org.springframework.boot.test.mock.mockito.MockitoContextCustomizer@0, org.springframework.boot.test.web.client.TestRestTemplateContextCustomizer@14b030a0, org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestArgs@1, org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestWebEnvironment@30b6ffe0], resourceBasePath = 'src/main/webapp', contextLoader = 'org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootContextLoader', parent = [null]], attributes = map['org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.activateListener' -> true, 'org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.populatedRequestContextHolder' -> true, 'org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.resetRequestContextHolder' -> true, 'org.springframework.test.context.event.ApplicationEventsTestExecutionListener.recordApplicationEvents' -> false]]; transaction manager [org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager@3986b9e9]; rollback [true]
2022-05-27 23:28:38.809 DEBUG 1724 --- [    Test worker] org.hibernate.SQL                        : 
    select
        member0_.member_id as member_i1_4_,
        member0_.city as city2_4_,
        member0_.street as street3_4_,
        member0_.zipcode as zipcode4_4_,
        member0_.name as name5_4_ 
    from
        member member0_ 
    where
        member0_.name=?
2022-05-27 23:28:38.818 TRACE 1724 --- [    Test worker] o.h.type.descriptor.sql.BasicBinder      : binding parameter [1] as [VARCHAR] - [userA]
2022-05-27 23:28:38.828  INFO 1724 --- [    Test worker] p6spy                                    : #1653661718828 | took 7ms | statement | connection 3| url jdbc:h2:tcp://localhost/~/jpashop
select member0_.member_id as member_i1_4_, member0_.city as city2_4_, member0_.street as street3_4_, member0_.zipcode as zipcode4_4_, member0_.name as name5_4_ from member member0_ where member0_.name=?
select member0_.member_id as member_i1_4_, member0_.city as city2_4_, member0_.street as street3_4_, member0_.zipcode as zipcode4_4_, member0_.name as name5_4_ from member member0_ where member0_.name='userA';
2022-05-27 23:28:38.843 DEBUG 1724 --- [    Test worker] org.hibernate.SQL                        : 
    call next value for hibernate_sequence
2022-05-27 23:28:38.845  INFO 1724 --- [    Test worker] p6spy                                    : #1653661718845 | took 1ms | statement | connection 3| url jdbc:h2:tcp://localhost/~/jpashop
call next value for hibernate_sequence
call next value for hibernate_sequence;
2022-05-27 23:28:38.909  INFO 1724 --- [    Test worker] p6spy                                    : #1653661718909 | took 0ms | rollback | connection 3| url jdbc:h2:tcp://localhost/~/jpashop

...
...

BUILD SUCCESSFUL in 11s
4 actionable tasks: 2 executed, 2 up-to-date
오후 11:28:39: 작업 실행이 완료되었습니다 ':test --tests "jpabook.jpashop.service.MemberServiceTest"'.

신기한 것은 Insert Query가 없는데 JPA에서는 memberRepository.save(member); 까지 하여도 em.persist() 까지 한 상태이고 flush() 가 되어야 Insert SQL이 수행됩니다.

Transaction Commit이 발생되어야 flush()가 수행되는데,
@Transactional은 기본적으로 RollBack을 합니다.

그래도 DB에 Insert 되는 것까지 보고싶다 하면 @Rollback(value = false)을 추가합니다.

MemberServiceTest.java

@Test
    @Rollback(value = false)
    public void 회원가입() throws Exception{
        //given //given : 이렇게 주어졌을때
        Member member = new Member();
        member.setName("userA");
        
        //when //when : 이렇게 하면
        Long savedId = memberService.join(member);

        //then //then : 이렇게 된다.
        // JPA안에서 하나의 트랜잭션에서 같은 엔티티에서 PK 키가 같으면 같은 영속성 컨텍스트 1차 캐시로 같은 객체로 관리
        assertEquals(member, memberRepository.findOne(savedId));

console

...
...

    select
        member0_.member_id as member_i1_4_,
        member0_.city as city2_4_,
        member0_.street as street3_4_,
        member0_.zipcode as zipcode4_4_,
        member0_.name as name5_4_ 
    from
        member member0_ 
    where
        member0_.name=?
2022-05-27 23:41:33.726 TRACE 3504 --- [    Test worker] o.h.type.descriptor.sql.BasicBinder      : binding parameter [1] as [VARCHAR] - [userA]
2022-05-27 23:41:33.735  INFO 3504 --- [    Test worker] p6spy                                    : #1653662493735 | took 6ms | statement | connection 3| url jdbc:h2:tcp://localhost/~/jpashop
select member0_.member_id as member_i1_4_, member0_.city as city2_4_, member0_.street as street3_4_, member0_.zipcode as zipcode4_4_, member0_.name as name5_4_ from member member0_ where member0_.name=?
select member0_.member_id as member_i1_4_, member0_.city as city2_4_, member0_.street as street3_4_, member0_.zipcode as zipcode4_4_, member0_.name as name5_4_ from member member0_ where member0_.name='userA';
2022-05-27 23:41:33.748 DEBUG 3504 --- [    Test worker] org.hibernate.SQL                        : 
    call next value for hibernate_sequence
2022-05-27 23:41:33.749  INFO 3504 --- [    Test worker] p6spy                                    : #1653662493749 | took 0ms | statement | connection 3| url jdbc:h2:tcp://localhost/~/jpashop
call next value for hibernate_sequence
call next value for hibernate_sequence;
2022-05-27 23:41:33.816 DEBUG 3504 --- [    Test worker] org.hibernate.SQL                        : 
    insert 
    into
        member
        (city, street, zipcode, name, member_id) 
    values
        (?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
2022-05-27 23:41:33.817 TRACE 3504 --- [    Test worker] o.h.type.descriptor.sql.BasicBinder      : binding parameter [1] as [VARCHAR] - [null]
2022-05-27 23:41:33.818 TRACE 3504 --- [    Test worker] o.h.type.descriptor.sql.BasicBinder      : binding parameter [2] as [VARCHAR] - [null]
2022-05-27 23:41:33.818 TRACE 3504 --- [    Test worker] o.h.type.descriptor.sql.BasicBinder      : binding parameter [3] as [VARCHAR] - [null]
2022-05-27 23:41:33.818 TRACE 3504 --- [    Test worker] o.h.type.descriptor.sql.BasicBinder      : binding parameter [4] as [VARCHAR] - [userA]
2022-05-27 23:41:33.819 TRACE 3504 --- [    Test worker] o.h.type.descriptor.sql.BasicBinder      : binding parameter [5] as [BIGINT] - [1]
2022-05-27 23:41:33.821  INFO 3504 --- [    Test worker] p6spy                                    : #1653662493821 | took 0ms | statement | connection 3| url jdbc:h2:tcp://localhost/~/jpashop
insert into member (city, street, zipcode, name, member_id) values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
insert into member (city, street, zipcode, name, member_id) values (NULL, NULL, NULL, 'userA', 1);
...
...

또한 @Rollback(value = false) 옵션을 사용하지 않고도
@Autowired EntityManager em; 를 추가하고 em.flush();으로 같은 효과를 볼 수 있습니다.

...
...
@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class) //Unit5 이후 사용
@SpringBootTest
@Transactional
class MemberServiceTest {

    // 테스트 케이스에서는 다른곳에서 참조할 곳이 없으므로 @Autowired로 사용
    @Autowired MemberRepository memberRepository;
    @Autowired MemberService memberService;
    @Autowired EntityManager em;

    @Test
    //@Rollback(value = false)
    public void 회원가입() throws Exception{
        //given //given : 이렇게 주어졌을때
        Member member = new Member();
        member.setName("userA");
        
        //when //when : 이렇게 하면
        Long savedId = memberService.join(member);

        //then //then : 이렇게 된다.
        // JPA안에서 하나의 트랜잭션에서 같은 엔티티에서 PK 키가 같으면 같은 영속성 컨텍스트 1차 캐시로 같은 객체로 관리
        em.flush();
        assertEquals(member, memberRepository.findOne(savedId));
    }

}

...
...

console

2022-05-27 23:47:07.462 DEBUG 5664 --- [    Test worker] org.hibernate.SQL                        : 
    select
        member0_.member_id as member_i1_4_,
        member0_.city as city2_4_,
        member0_.street as street3_4_,
        member0_.zipcode as zipcode4_4_,
        member0_.name as name5_4_ 
    from
        member member0_ 
    where
        member0_.name=?
2022-05-27 23:47:07.462 TRACE 5664 --- [    Test worker] o.h.type.descriptor.sql.BasicBinder      : binding parameter [1] as [VARCHAR] - [userA]
2022-05-27 23:47:07.477  INFO 5664 --- [    Test worker] p6spy                                    : #1653662827477 | took 6ms | statement | connection 3| url jdbc:h2:tcp://localhost/~/jpashop
select member0_.member_id as member_i1_4_, member0_.city as city2_4_, member0_.street as street3_4_, member0_.zipcode as zipcode4_4_, member0_.name as name5_4_ from member member0_ where member0_.name=?
select member0_.member_id as member_i1_4_, member0_.city as city2_4_, member0_.street as street3_4_, member0_.zipcode as zipcode4_4_, member0_.name as name5_4_ from member member0_ where member0_.name='userA';
2022-05-27 23:47:07.486 DEBUG 5664 --- [    Test worker] org.hibernate.SQL                        : 
    call next value for hibernate_sequence
2022-05-27 23:47:07.493  INFO 5664 --- [    Test worker] p6spy                                    : #1653662827493 | took 0ms | statement | connection 3| url jdbc:h2:tcp://localhost/~/jpashop
call next value for hibernate_sequence
call next value for hibernate_sequence;
2022-05-27 23:47:07.540 DEBUG 5664 --- [    Test worker] org.hibernate.SQL                        : 
    insert 
    into
        member
        (city, street, zipcode, name, member_id) 
    values
        (?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
2022-05-27 23:47:07.540 TRACE 5664 --- [    Test worker] o.h.type.descriptor.sql.BasicBinder      : binding parameter [1] as [VARCHAR] - [null]
2022-05-27 23:47:07.540 TRACE 5664 --- [    Test worker] o.h.type.descriptor.sql.BasicBinder      : binding parameter [2] as [VARCHAR] - [null]
2022-05-27 23:47:07.540 TRACE 5664 --- [    Test worker] o.h.type.descriptor.sql.BasicBinder      : binding parameter [3] as [VARCHAR] - [null]
2022-05-27 23:47:07.540 TRACE 5664 --- [    Test worker] o.h.type.descriptor.sql.BasicBinder      : binding parameter [4] as [VARCHAR] - [userA]
2022-05-27 23:47:07.540 TRACE 5664 --- [    Test worker] o.h.type.descriptor.sql.BasicBinder      : binding parameter [5] as [BIGINT] - [1]
2022-05-27 23:47:07.540  INFO 5664 --- [    Test worker] p6spy                                    : #1653662827540 | took 0ms | statement | connection 3| url jdbc:h2:tcp://localhost/~/jpashop
insert into member (city, street, zipcode, name, member_id) values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
insert into member (city, street, zipcode, name, member_id) values (NULL, NULL, NULL, 'userA', 1);
2022-05-27 23:47:07.571  INFO 5664 --- [    Test worker] p6spy                                    : #1653662827571 | took 0ms | rollback | connection 3| url jdbc:h2:tcp://localhost/~/jpashop

Insert 쿼리가 로그로 찍히게 되고 최종적으로

insert into member (city, street, zipcode, name, member_id) values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
insert into member (city, street, zipcode, name, member_id) values (NULL, NULL, NULL, 'userA', 1);
2022-05-27 23:47:07.571  INFO 5664 --- [    Test worker] p6spy                                    : #1653662827571 | took 0ms | rollback |

롤백되게 됩니다.

테스트에서 실행되고 롤백이 되는 이유는 반복적으로 테스트를 해야하기 때문에 테스트 데이터를 롤백으로 지우게 됩니다.

눈으로 DB에 테스트 데이터를 보고싶을땐#

@Rollback(value = false) 를 사용합니다.

회원 중복 예외 테스트#

java/jpabook/jpashop/service/MemberServiceTest.java

...
...
    @Test
    public void 중복_회원_예외() throws Exception{
        //given

        String username = "user";
        Member member1 = new Member();
        member1.setName(username);

        Member member2 = new Member();
        member2.setName(username);

        //when
        memberService.join(member1);

        //then
        try {
            memberService.join(member2); //예외가 발생해야 한다.
        }catch (IllegalStateException e){
            return;
        }
        fail("예외가 발생해야 한다.");
    }
...
...

좀더 코드를 간결하게 수정

    @Test
    public void 중복_회원_예외() throws Exception{
        //given

        String username = "user";
        Member member1 = new Member();
        member1.setName(username);

        Member member2 = new Member();
        member2.setName(username);

        //when
        memberService.join(member1);

        //then
        IllegalStateException thrown = assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, () -> memberService.join(member2));

    }

MemberServiceTest 전체 코드

MemberServiceTest.java

package jpabook.jpashop.service;

import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;

import jpabook.jpashop.domain.Member;
import jpabook.jpashop.repository.MemberRepository;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;

@SpringBootTest
@Transactional
class MemberServiceTest {

    // 테스트 케이스에서는 다른곳에서 참조할 곳이 없으므로 @Autowired로 사용
    @Autowired MemberRepository memberRepository;
    @Autowired MemberService memberService;
    @Autowired EntityManager em;

    @Test
    //@Rollback(value = false)
    public void 회원가입() throws Exception{
        //given //given : 이렇게 주어졌을때
        Member member = new Member();
        member.setName("userA");
        
        //when //when : 이렇게 하면
        Long savedId = memberService.join(member);

        //then //then : 이렇게 된다.
        // JPA안에서 하나의 트랜잭션에서 같은 엔티티에서 PK 키가 같으면 같은 영속성 컨텍스트 1차 캐시로 같은 객체로 관리
        em.flush();
        assertEquals(member, memberRepository.findOne(savedId));
    }


    @Test
    public void 중복_회원_예외() throws Exception{
        //given

        String username = "user";
        Member member1 = new Member();
        member1.setName(username);

        Member member2 = new Member();
        member2.setName(username);

        //when
        memberService.join(member1);

        //then
        IllegalStateException thrown = assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, () -> memberService.join(member2));

    }
}

테스트 코드 소스 설명#

@SpringBootTest#

스프링 부트는 @SpringBootTest 어노테이션을 통해 스프링부트 어플리케이션 테스트에 필요한 거의 모든 의존성을 제공합니다.

- @SpringBootTest는 통합 테스트를 제공하는 기본적인 스프링 부트 테스트 어노테이션입니다. - 해당 어노테이션을 사용시 Junit 버전에 따라 유의할 사항이 있습니다.

@SpringBootTest가 없으면, @Autowired가 모두 실패합니다

@Transational#

기본적으로 테스트 코드에서 @Transational를 사용하면, 테스트 완료 후 rollback 처리 합니다.

메모리 DB 사용해서 테스트 하기#

프로젝트 구조를 보면, main과 test 폴더로 소스가 나뉘게 되는데, main은 실제 소스, test는 테스트코드 소스가 위치합니다.

contact

main과 마찬가지로 resources 폴더를 test폴더에도 추가해 줍니다.

/src/test/resources#

/src/main/java의 소스들이 /src/main/resources의 설정을 참조 하듯이 /src/test/java의 소스들은 /src/test/resources를 우선적으로 참조합니다.

/src/test/resources/application.yml을 복사해 추가합니다.

build.gradle

dependencies {
	...
	runtimeOnly 'com.h2database:h2' 
	...
}

h2가 java로 수행되기 때문에 jvm안에서 띄울수 있습니다. 그렇기 때문에 메모리 모드로 H2를 사용하여 런타임 시에만 테스트용으로 사용할 수 있습니다.

H2 Database URL Overview #

Embedded (local) connection#

jdbc:h2:[file:][]

jdbc:h2:~/test

jdbc:h2:file:/data/sample

jdbc:h2:file:C:/data/sample (Windows only)

In-memory (private)#

jdbc:h2:mem:

In-memory (named)#

jdbc:h2:mem:

jdbc:h2:mem:test_mem

Server mode (remote connections) using TCP/IP#

jdbc:h2:tcp://[:]/[]

jdbc:h2:tcp://localhost/~/test

jdbc:h2:tcp://dbserv:8084/~/sample

jdbc:h2:tcp://localhost/mem:test

Server mode (remote connections) using TLS#

jdbc:h2:ssl://[:]/[]

jdbc:h2:ssl://localhost:8085/~/sample;

test/resources/application.yml

spring:
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:h2:mem:test
    username: sa
    password:
    driver-class-name: org.h2.Driver
  jpa:
    hibernate:
      ddl-auto: create-drop # 애플리케이션 동작 시점에 엔티티 재생성
      use_sql_comments: true
    database: h2

  devtools:
    livereload:
      enabled: true # livereload 사용시 활성화
    restart:
      enabled: false #운영 에서는 제거.

  thymeleaf:
    cache: false

logging:
  level:
    org.hibernate.SQL: debug
    org.hibernate.type: trace #파라미터 로깅
    org.hibernate.type.descriptor.sql: trace

decorator:
  datasource:
    p6spy:
      enable-logging : true
      multiline: true
      logging: slf4j

이제 테스트를 돌리면 H2를 메모리 DB로 사용하게 됩니다.

확인 방법은 H2 데이터베이스를 종료하고 테스트를 실행해 보면 됩니다.

contact

p6spy 커넥션 부분을 보면 아까 설정한 url jdbc:h2:mem:test 를 확인 할 수 있습니다. 또한 테스트 2건이 정상으로 테스트된것도 확인 됩니다.

또한 스프링 부트에서 놀라운 것은

test/resources/application.yml

spring:
#  datasource:
#    url: jdbc:h2:mem:test
#    username: sa
#    password:
#    driver-class-name: org.h2.Driver
#  jpa:
#    hibernate:
#      ddl-auto: create-drop # 애플리케이션 동작 시점에 엔티티 재생성
#      use_sql_comments: true
#    database: h2

  devtools:
    livereload:
      enabled: true # livereload 사용시 활성화
    restart:
      enabled: false #운영 에서는 제거.

  thymeleaf:
    cache: false

logging:
  level:
    org.hibernate.SQL: debug
    org.hibernate.type: trace #파라미터 로깅
    org.hibernate.type.descriptor.sql: trace

decorator:
  datasource:
    p6spy:
      enable-logging : true
      multiline: true
      logging: slf4j

해당 h2 데이터베이스 세팅과 jpa 세팅을 생략해도 테스트를 할 수 있습니다.

왜냐하면, 스프링 부트는 기본적으로 설정이 없으면 테스트 코드를 메모리 모드로 수행합니다.

contact

url: jdbc:h2:mem:test과 다르게 설정되어 수행되는 것을 볼 수 있습니다.

메모리 모드로 DB는 create-drop으로 동작하여, 테스트 종료후에 모든 DB를 삭제하여 메모리를 정리합니다. 물론 서버가 내려가게되면 메모리 DB도 초기화 되기 때문에 신경쓰시지 않아도 됩니다.

application.yml#

설정은 개발과 운영의 설정은 다르게 가는게 좋습니다.
테스트 코드를 위해서 더 디테일 하게 출력을 할 수 있으며, 운영에 올릴때는 꼭 필요한 로그만 나오게 한다던가 설정을 나눌 필요는 있습니다.

이전 소스#

java/jpabook/jpashop/domain/Member.java

Member.java

package jpabook.jpashop.domain;

import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;

import javax.persistence.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

@Entity
@Getter @Setter
public class Member {

    public Member() {
    }

    @Id @GeneratedValue
    @Column(name = "member_id")
    private Long id;

    private String name;

    @Embedded
    private Address address;


    @OneToMany(mappedBy = "member")
    private List<Order> orders = new ArrayList<>();

}

java/jpabook/jpashop/domain/Address.java

Address.java

package jpabook.jpashop.domain;

import lombok.Getter;

import javax.persistence.Embeddable;

@Embeddable
@Getter
public class Address {

    private String city;
    private String street;
    private String zipcode;

    protected Address(){
    }

    public Address(String city, String street, String zipcode){
        this.city = city;
        this.street = street;
        this.zipcode = zipcode;
    }

}

java/jpabook/jpashop/domain/Order.java

Order.java

package jpabook.jpashop.domain;

import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;

import javax.persistence.*;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

@Entity
@Getter @Setter
@Table(name = "orders")
public class Order {

    @Id @GeneratedValue
    @Column(name="order_id")
    private Long id;

    @ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)  // ToOne은 fetch = FetchType.LAZY로 꼭 !!! 세팅
    @JoinColumn(name = "member_id") // Order의 member가 수정되면 Order의 외래키 값이 변경됩니다.
    private Member member;


    // mappedBy 연관관계의 주인인 OrderItem의 order로 매핑 되어있다는 뜻
    @OneToMany(mappedBy = "order", cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
    private List<OrderItem> orderItems = new ArrayList<>();


    // ToOne은 fetch = FetchType.LAZY로 꼭 !!! 세팅
    @OneToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY, cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
    @JoinColumn(name = "delivery_id")
    private Delivery delivery;

    private LocalDateTime orderDate; //주문시간

    @Enumerated(EnumType.STRING) // EnumType.ORDINAL(숫자라 순서바뀌면 큰일)이 기본이지만 무조건 EnumType.STRING(문자 코드)
    private OrderStatus status; // 주문상태 [ORDER, CANCEL]


    //==연관관계 메서드 (양방향 연관관계시 추가)==//
    public void setMember(Member member){
        this.member = member;
        member.getOrders().add(this);
    }

    public void addOrderItem(OrderItem orderItem){
        this.orderItems.add(orderItem);
        orderItem.setOrder(this);
    }

    public void setDelivery(Delivery delivery){
        this.delivery = delivery;
        delivery.setOrder(this);
    }


}

java/jpabook/jpashop/domain/OrderItem.java

OrderItem.java

package jpabook.jpashop.domain;

import jpabook.jpashop.domain.item.Item;
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;

import javax.persistence.*;

@Entity
@Getter @Setter
public class OrderItem {

    @Id @GeneratedValue
    @Column(name = "order_item_id")
    private Long id;

    @ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY) // ToOne은 fetch = FetchType.LAZY로 꼭 !!! 세팅
    @JoinColumn(name = "item_id")
    private Item item;

    @ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY) // ToOne은 fetch = FetchType.LAZY로 꼭 !!! 세팅
    @JoinColumn(name = "order_id")
    private Order order;

    private int orderPrice; //주문 당시의 가격
    private int count; //주문 수량
}

java/jpabook/jpashop/domain/OrderStatus.java

OrderStatus.java

package jpabook.jpashop.domain;

import jpabook.jpashop.domain.item.Item;
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;

import javax.persistence.*;

@Entity
@Getter @Setter
public class OrderItem {

    @Id @GeneratedValue
    @Column(name = "order_item_id")
    private Long id;

    @ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY) // ToOne은 fetch = FetchType.LAZY로 꼭 !!! 세팅
    @JoinColumn(name = "item_id")
    private Item item;

    @ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY) // ToOne은 fetch = FetchType.LAZY로 꼭 !!! 세팅
    @JoinColumn(name = "order_id")
    private Order order;

    private int orderPrice; //주문 당시의 가격
    private int count; //주문 수량
}

java/jpabook/jpashop/domain/Delivery.java

Delivery.java

package jpabook.jpashop.domain;

import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;

import javax.persistence.*;

@Entity
@Getter @Setter
public class Delivery {

    public Delivery() {
    }

    @Id @GeneratedValue
    @Column(name = "delivery_id")
    private Long id;

    @OneToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY  // ToOne은 fetch = FetchType.LAZY로 꼭 !!! 세팅
            , mappedBy = "delivery")
    private Order order;

    @Embedded
    private Address address;

    @Enumerated(EnumType.STRING)
    private DeliveryStatus status; //READY, COMP

}

java/jpabook/jpashop/domain/item/Item.java

Item.java

package jpabook.jpashop.domain.item;

import jpabook.jpashop.domain.Category;
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;

import javax.persistence.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

@Entity
@Inheritance(strategy = InheritanceType.SINGLE_TABLE)
@DiscriminatorColumn(name = "dtype")
@Getter @Setter
public abstract class Item {

    @Id @GeneratedValue
    @Column(name = "item_id")
    private Long id;

    private String name;
    private int price;
    private int stockQuantity;

    @ManyToMany(mappedBy = "items")
    private List<Category> categories = new ArrayList<>();

}

java/jpabook/jpashop/domain/item/Album.java

Album.java

package jpabook.jpashop.domain.item;

import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;

import javax.persistence.DiscriminatorValue;
import javax.persistence.Entity;

@Entity
@DiscriminatorValue("A") //구분값 A
@Getter @Setter
public class Album extends Item{
    private String artist;
    private String etc;
}

java/jpabook/jpashop/domain/item/Book.java

Book.java

package jpabook.jpashop.domain.item;

import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;

import javax.persistence.DiscriminatorValue;
import javax.persistence.Entity;

@Entity
@DiscriminatorValue("B") //구분값 B
@Getter @Setter
public class Book extends Item{
    private String author;
    private String isbn;
}

java/jpabook/jpashop/domain/item/Movie.java

Movie.java

package jpabook.jpashop.domain.item;

import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;

import javax.persistence.DiscriminatorValue;
import javax.persistence.Entity;

@Entity
@DiscriminatorValue("M") //구분값 M
@Getter @Setter
public class Movie extends Item{
    private String director;
    private String actor;
}

java/jpabook/jpashop/domain/Category.java

Category.java

package jpabook.jpashop.domain;

import jpabook.jpashop.domain.item.Item;
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;

import javax.persistence.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

@Entity
@Getter @Setter
public class Category {

    @Id @GeneratedValue
    @Column(name = "category_id")
    private Long id;

    private String name;

    @ManyToMany
    @JoinTable(name = "category_item"
            , joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "category_id")
            , inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "item_id")
    )
    private List<Item> items = new ArrayList<>();

    @ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)  // ToOne은 fetch = FetchType.LAZY로 꼭 !!! 세팅
    @JoinColumn(name = "parent_id")
    private Category parent;

    @OneToMany(mappedBy = "parent")
    private List<Category> child = new ArrayList<>();

    //==연관관계 메서드 (양방향 연관관계시 추가)==//
    public void addChildCategory(Category child){
        this.child.add(child);
        child.setParent(this);
    }
}

java/jpabook/jpashop/repository/MemberRepository.java

MemberRepository.java

package jpabook.jpashop.repository;

import jpabook.jpashop.domain.Member;
import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.PersistenceContext;
import javax.persistence.TypedQuery;
import java.util.List;

@Repository
@RequiredArgsConstructor
public class MemberRepository {

    /*
    //최초 소스이며 아래 소스로 대체
    @PersistenceContext // EntityManager는 @PersistenceContext라는 표준 어노테이션을 통해서만 가능 (@AutoWired 불가)
    private EntityManager em;
    */

    /*
    //2번째 버전의 소스이며, @RequiredArgsConstructor로 대체
    @Autowired //스프링 DATA JPA 에서 지원
    private EntityManager em;

    public MemberRepository(EntityManager em){
        this.em = em;
    }
    */

    private final EntityManager em;

    public void save(Member member){
        em.persist(member);
    }

    public Member findOne(Long id){
        return em.find(Member.class, id);
    }

    public List<Member> findAll(){

        return em.createQuery("select m from Member m", Member.class)
                .getResultList();
    }

    public List<Member> findByName(String name){
        return em.createQuery("select m from Member m where m.name = :name", Member.class)
                .setParameter("name",name).getResultList();
    }

}

java/jpabook/jpashop/service/MemberService.java

MemberService.java

package jpabook.jpashop.service;

import jpabook.jpashop.domain.Member;
import jpabook.jpashop.repository.MemberRepository;
import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import java.util.List;



@Service
@Transactional(readOnly = true)
@RequiredArgsConstructor  // 생성자 주입
public class MemberService {

    /*
    // 최초 코드 이며, Setter Injection로 대체
    @Autowired
    private MemberRepository memberRepository;
    */

    /*
    //Constructor Injection로 대체
    private MemberRepository memberRepository;

    public void setMemberService(MemberRepository memberRepository) { //Setter Injection
        this.memberRepository = memberRepository;
    }
    */

    /*
    // @RequiredArgsConstructor로 대체
    private final MemberRepository memberRepository;

    public MemberService(MemberRepository memberRepository) { //Constructor Injection
        this.memberRepository = memberRepository;
    }
    */

    private final MemberRepository memberRepository;

    /**
     * 회원 가입
     */
    @Transactional(readOnly = false)
    public Long join(Member member){
        validateDuplicateMember(member); //중복 회원 검증
        memberRepository.save(member);
        return member.getId(); //save()를 통해 em.persist()를 수행하므로 Member 엔티티의 키 생성을 보장함
    }

    private void validateDuplicateMember(Member member) {
        List<Member> findMembers = memberRepository.findByName(member.getName());
        if(findMembers.size() != 0){
            throw new IllegalStateException("이미 존재하는 회원입니다.");
        }

    }

    /**
     * 회원 전체 조회
     */
    //@Transactional(readOnly = true)
    public List<Member> findMembers(){
        return memberRepository.findAll();
    }

    /**
     * 회원 조회
     */
    //@Transactional(readOnly = true)
    public Member findOne(Long memberId){
        return memberRepository.findOne(memberId);
    }

}

참고#

실전! 스프링 부트와 JPA 활용1 - 웹 애플리케이션 개발 - 김영한

[스프링부트 JPA 활용] 회원 기능 테스트

[스프링부트 JPA 활용] 회원 기능 테스트

애플리케이션 구현

목차#

회원 기능 테스트#

테스트 요구사항#

테스트 코드 작성#

회원가입 테스트#

눈으로 DB에 테스트 데이터를 보고싶을땐#

회원 중복 예외 테스트#

테스트 코드 소스 설명#

@SpringBootTest#

@Transational#

메모리 DB 사용해서 테스트 하기#

/src/test/resources#

H2 Database URL Overview #

Embedded (local) connection#

In-memory (private)#

In-memory (named)#

Server mode (remote connections) using TCP/IP#

Server mode (remote connections) using TLS#

application.yml#

이전 소스#

참고#

애플리케이션 구현

목차#

회원 기능 테스트#

테스트 요구사항#

테스트 코드 작성#

회원가입 테스트#

눈으로 DB에 테스트 데이터를 보고싶을땐#

회원 중복 예외 테스트#

테스트 코드 소스 설명#

@SpringBootTest#

@Transational#

메모리 DB 사용해서 테스트 하기#

/src/test/resources#

H2 Database URL Overview#

Embedded (local) connection#

In-memory (private)#

In-memory (named)#

Server mode (remote connections) using TCP/IP#

Server mode (remote connections) using TLS#

application.yml#

이전 소스#

참고#

H2 Database URL Overview #